CBSE Class 3 Science – 3. Animals and Their Food (Notes)

 

Animals – Those living things that move and don’t make their food and depend on other living things for their food are called animals. Ex. Man, Elephants

                 

Food – Those substances that we eat to get energy are called food.

Habitat – The place where an organism lives is called its habitat.    

                                                    OR

The home of any organism where it can find food, shelter and favorable conditions for breeding is called habitat.

 

Types of animals on the basis of their food habit:

Herbivorous (Plants Eater Animals) – Those animals which eat only plants and products of plants are called herbivorous. Ex- Cow, Buffalo, Goat etc.

Carnivorous (Flesh Eater Animals) – Those animals which eat flesh of other animals are called carnivorous. Ex– Lion, Tiger, Fox, Wolf, Shark etc.

Omnivorous – Those animals which eat both plants and flesh of animals are called omnivorous. Ex– Dog, rat, Crow, Pigs, Hens etc.

Scavengers – Animals that eat the flesh of other dead animals are called scavengers. Ex– Hyena, Vulture etc.

 

Feeding habits of different animals:

Plants Eater Animals – Those Animals that feed only plants are called plant eater animals.

Ex- Cow, Goats etc.

They have sharp and broad front teeth.

For cutting, flat and broad grinding teeth to chew the food. 

 

Flesh Eater Animals – Those animals that only eat flash of other animals are called flesh eater animals. Ex– Lion, Tiger, Fox, Wolf, Shark etc.

Sharp pointed front teeth for tearing flesh.

Broad and flat grinding teeth to chew the flash and bones.

Blood Sucker Animals – Those Animals that suck blood of other animals are called blood sucker animals. Ex- Lice, Mosquito, Bug, leech etc.

They have suckers in their mouth. Sucker helps in sucking blood.

 

Milk Sucker Animals – Those baby animals that suck milk from their mother’s breast are called milk sucker animals. Ex– Kitten, Puppy, Calf etc.

They have suckers in their mouth. Sucker helps in sucking milk.

 

Gnawing Animals –Those Animals that feed on hard grains and nuts are called Gnawing animals. Ex– squirrels, rabbits and rats.

They bite these hard nuts with very sharp front cutting teeth.

 

Ruminating animals /Ruminants – Those animals that send back the food from the reticulum to the mouth and chewed again is called rumination and such animals are called ruminants or ruminating animals. Ex– Cow, goat, buffaloes, sheep, bison, etc.

Those animals that first swallow their food whole and fill their stomach, later they bring it back into their mouth and keep chewing it in leaser time is known as chewing the cud.

 

Swallowing Animals:-Those animals that do not chew their food, instead they swallow their food whole are called swallowing animals. Ex– Snake, Lizard, Frog

Birds, Lizard and frog do not have teeth.

Insects like bees and butterflies have a long tube to suck nectar from plants.

Dogs and cats use their tongue to lap up their food.

There are some animals like giraffe that use their long necks and the elephant that uses it trunk to take in food.

 

Feeding – The process by which an animal obtains its food is called Feeding.

 

Food chain – A chain showing plants being eaten by animals and these animals beings eaten by other bigger animals as food are called food chain.

 

Ex–    Grass — butterfly — frog —- snake —-eagle or any similar ones

In this order one living thing depends on the other for its food.

Food chains begin with a green plant (producer).

Except the first organism, every other organism is a consumer.

Blue whale is a largest carnivorous animal.

 Cheetah is the fastest land carnivorous animal.

Only female mosquitoes suck blood.