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Safety– The state of being safe from harm or danger is are called safety.
Like the building of our home protects us from cold, heat and rain etc.
In the similar way we have to be careful while walking on the road, playing in the ground, at school or at home.
Our body is like a machine performing different functions like walking, running and eating, etc.
We should take care of ourselves by keeping safe from illness and injury.
We should follow safety rules at home, school, on the road and in the playground.
Accident– Any unexpected harm or injury is called accident.
Accident happening due to carelessness or ignorance.
Some Safety Rules to be followed at Home:
Falls
Falls are the most common kind of accidents at home. To avoid such accidents always keep the floors of your house clean and dry. Take special care in the bathroom.
Do not rush up or down the stairs.
You can fall down.
Do not scatter toys, balls and papers on the floor.
Use a ladder or a stool to reach something placed high.
Fire
Accidents by fire mostly take place in the kitchen and can cause serious injuries and sometimes even death. To avoid such accidents, we should take proper measures.
Do not wear nylon or synthetic clothes when near the fire.
They catch fire easily.
Do not go near fire or meddle with hot things.
Never fail to turn off the gas stoves when not in use.
When a gas leak is suspected, don’t light match sticks or turn on electric switches.
Windows should be opened immediately to let the gas out,
Electric Shocks
Many fires are the result of faulty or inadequate electric wiring. If electric gadgets like toasters, irons, kettles etc., are defective or not handled carefully they may prove to be dangerous. They can cause a severe electric shock or cause fire in the house. To avoid such electric shocks, the following measures should be taken. Never touch electrical fittings or appliances with wet hands.
Do not touch electrical appliances with wet hands.
The switches should be turned off before touching heaters, lamps.
In case you get a shock or notice a spark, turn-off the main switch.
Never put switches on while you are standing on a wet floor.
Poisoning
Poisoning is also a common kind of accident at home. It can be avoided by following the measures given below.
Household detergents and disinfectants such as ammonia, phenyl, dyes and insecticides should be kept away from the reach of children.
All medicines should be clearly marked and kept away from children.
Do not take medicines on your own.
Medicines should be kept at safer place.
Stale, spoilt and exposed food can cause food poisoning.
Safety on the Road
Always walk on the footpath or pavement.
Always cross the road at the zebra crossing (pedestrian crossing).
If there is no zebra crossing, look to the right, then to the left, then to the right again and cross only when the road is clear.
Walk on the footpath.
Cross the road at zebra crossing
Never play on the road.
Look for vehicles about to take a turn at the crossovers before crossing a road.
Do not walk between the vehicles parked on the road.
Safety at school
Never jump off a see-saw without informing your partner.
Do not play rough games.
Do not play near hedges and barbed wires.
Do not carry pointed objects to school.
Keep away from swings when they are in use.
Follow the rules of the game. Always prefer safe games.
First Aid– The immediate help given to an injured person before a doctor attends him or her is called first aid.
It helps to save the life of the injured person.
We must inform an adult about the accident and seek help.
First aid box –A box that contains all the things needed to give first aid is called a first aid box.
We should have a first-aid box in our house and in school.
A first-aid box should contain an antiseptic lotion like Dettol, scissors, Band-Aid, gauze, crepe bandage, antiseptic cream, a bottle of methylated spirit, a tape, etc.
If you see an accident, you must try to stay calm.
Antiseptic – Anything that is used to prevent infection is called antiseptic.
General Rules
In case of an accident or an emergency E calm and make the victim comfortable.
Do not panic. Find out the actual condition the person hurt.
Do not crowd around the injured person.
If the injury is severe, call an elder or a doctor.
When a Wound is bleeding
Wash the wound with water or any antiseptic lotion.
Press the bleeding part with a clean cotton or cloth pad to stop the blood.
Tie a tight bandage over the pad.
Apply cotton swab to check the bleeding.
In case the bleeding does not stop, take the injured person to a doctor.
When a Person Faints
If a person faints, make him lie down with his head low.
This makes extra blood reach his brain. Let him rest quietly.
When a Person has a Burn
If a part of the body is burnt by touching a hot plate or object, put cold water apply ice on the affected area.Apply some antiseptic cream like burnol or silverex on it.
For severe burns, take the victim to the doctor.
When a Person is Bitten by an Insect
Wash the affected area with lime water and then apply a mixture of baking soda and cold cream.
Place an ice-pack over the affected area.
In case of itching, apply Calamine lotion.
Always keep the first aid box with essential items ready at home in case of an emergency.
A few important things to be kept in mind before administering first aid are given below:
Give first aid to an injured person only when you know how to do it.
Otherwise, quickly call someone who knows how to do first aid.
First of all, make the person comfortable by asking him to sit or lie down.
Do not crowd around the person.
Remain calm and do not panic while administering first aid to an injured person.
Do not move the person who has suffered serious injuries.
It may cause for the damage.
